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Poly(ADP-ribosyl)ation is a survival mechanism in cigarette smoke-induced and hydrogen peroxide-mediated cell death

Retrieved 26 June 2026

However, recent findings have highlighted that EC aerosols, containing nicotine, propylene glycol, and flavoring agents, disrupt the oral microbiome equilibrium while also promoting oral inflammatory responses, potentially exacerbating oral tissue damage

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they travel throughout the body, and male reproductive health isnt immune to these harmful substances